NEW YORK CITY SYSTEMlikely match
City water report · 2026

Is New York City Tap Water Safe? 2026 Water Quality Report

Short answer: No measured result is above a legal limit; the water is soft. New York City System serves 8,271,000 residents.

Likely match, check your bill

NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM serves New York City

Your water bill or annual water quality report names your actual supplier.

Source
Surface water
Disinfectant
chlorine
Lead service lines
120,931 lead, 3,266 galvanized, 124,917 unknown

Your water utility

New York City Water Supply: contact and record

Every detected result

7 detected results, by distance from their limit

NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (EPA PWSID NY7003493) delivers surface water to 8,271,000 residents. This report reflects 29 individual PFAS result(s) from the source UCMR5 observations and the latest Lead & Copper Rule 90th-percentile result. The utility's 2025 CCR reports soft water and chlorine disinfection.

  • Haloacetic acids (HAA5)Utility CCR · 2025
    60 ppb federal MCL
    47ppb
    Within reference
  • Lead (90th percentile)EPA SDWIS (Lead & Copper Rule) · 2024
    15 µg/L federal action level
    10µg/L
    Within reference
  • Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)Utility CCR · 2025
    80 ppb federal MCL
    52ppb
    Within reference
  • FluorideUtility CCR · 2025
    4.0 mg/L
    0.7mg/L
    Within reference
  • CopperUtility CCR · 2025
    1.3 mg/L (action level)
    0.194mg/L
    Within reference
  • NitrateUtility CCR · 2025
    10 mg/L
    0.14mg/L
    Within reference
  • Water hardnessUtility CCR · 2025
    Aesthetic, no federal health limit
    1.9gpg
    Within reference
30 other contaminants tested, none detected
  • 11Cl-PF3OUdS
  • 4:2 FTS
  • 6:2 FTS
  • 8:2 FTS
  • 9Cl-PF3ONS
  • ADONA
  • HFPO-DA (GenX)
  • NEtFOSAA
  • NFDHA
  • NMeFOSAA
  • PFBA
  • PFBS
  • PFDA
  • PFDoA
  • PFEESA
  • PFHpA
  • PFHpS
  • PFHxA
  • PFHxS
  • PFMBA
  • PFMPA
  • PFNA
  • PFOA
  • PFOS
  • PFPeA
  • PFPeS
  • PFTA
  • PFTrDA
  • PFUnA
  • Lithium

Coverage by group

37 results on record
  • PFAS (forever chemicals)29 not detected
  • Metals & lead2 detected
  • Disinfection by-products2 detected
  • Other3 detected · 1 not detected
Track record

1health-based violation in the last 10 years

From EPA SDWIS. Counted once per contaminant per year, as in the Track record score.

Health-based violations, last 10 years

Every filing is listed; the Track record score counts at most one per contaminant per year.

Filings 2008–2017
  • Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule

Open

  1. Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment RuleTT

    to Open

    EPA status: AddressedSDWIS ID #20170201

Test your own tap

Screening tells you if something is worth a closer look; a lab result is the number you can act on.

As an Amazon Associate, PurityMap earns from qualifying purchases. Affiliate disclosure.

  • Screening: quick check, not lab-grade

    Safe Home DIY Lead in Drinking Water Combo Test Kit

    Safe Home (EnviroTestKits)

    Lead, read as one of three ranges: 0–4, 5–15 or 15+ ppb

    • Turnaround: 5 minutes

    What it can't tell you: It shows a lead range, not an exact level, and tests nothing else unless you pay extra for the optional lab test.

  • Lab-certified results

    ETR Labs Basic Water Quality Test Kit

    ETR Laboratories

    50+ substances, including lead, copper, arsenic, nitrate, hardness and coliform bacteria

    What it can't tell you: It does not test PFAS, and not every result on the panel falls under the lab's accredited scope.

Commercial

Certified for a concern found here

Each card names which New York City findings its current certification covers, and which it doesn't.

As an Amazon Associate, PurityMap earns from qualifying purchases. A product appears here only when a current certification record covers at least one identified concern; every concern stays listed. The retail offer is looked up afterwards and never changes which products appear or their order. Affiliate disclosure.

Under-Sink Filter

Aquasana Claryum 3-Stage Max Flow Under-Sink Filter (AQ-6300M)

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (5)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
  • Anyone who can't plumb, drill or hire an installer
  • Renters who can't modify plumbing
Countertop System

Aquasana Clean Water Machine Countertop Filter (AQ-CWM2)

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (3)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
See all 9 products certified for a New York City concern →
Countertop System

AquaTru Classic Countertop Reverse-Osmosis Purifier (AT2000)

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (3)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
Water Pitcher

Culligan ZeroWater 10-Cup Pitcher (ZEROP10)

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (3)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
Faucet Attachment

Faucet-Mount Filter

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (3)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
Under-Sink Filter

Under-Sink Carbon Block Filter

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (4)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
  • Anyone who can't plumb, drill or hire an installer
Under-Sink Filter

Under-Sink Reverse-Osmosis System

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (5)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
  • Anyone who can't plumb, drill or hire an installer
  • Renters who can't modify plumbing
Under-Sink Filter

Waterdrop G3P600 Tankless Reverse-Osmosis System

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (5)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
  • Anyone who can't plumb, drill or hire an installer
  • Renters who can't modify plumbing
Refrigerator Filter

Whirlpool Filter 3 Refrigerator Water Filter (WHR3RXD1)

  • Lead: eligible, evidence match
Not suitable for (3)
  • Treating every tap in the home
  • A whole-home hard-water or scale problem
  • All PFAS: its evidence covers only the compounds it names
Questions

Frequently asked questions

Is New York City tap water safe to drink?

PurityMap does not give a safe/unsafe verdict; it shows what the public records measured. For New York City, no regulated PFAS were detected in EPA's 2024 testing; the lead 90th-percentile result was 10 µg/L against the 15 µg/L action level. NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (PWSID NY7003493) has a Purity Score of 74/100 (confidence: high), assessed at the water-system level and computed only from contaminants that were measured. Water can change in your own pipes, so a certified test is the only way to know what comes out of your tap.

Who provides tap water in New York City?

NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (PWS ID NY7003493) is the public water system on record for New York City, New York, serving about 8,271,000 people. Confirm the utility on your water bill before acting on a specific finding.

Where does New York City get its drinking water?

Surface water (primary source of record in EPA SDWIS).

Are PFAS "forever chemicals" in New York City's water?

None of the 29 PFAS in EPA's UCMR 5 testing (2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02) was detected. "Not detected" means below the lab's reporting limit, not proven zero.

Is there lead in New York City's tap water?

NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM's most recent lead 90th-percentile result (2024) was 10 µg/L, below the 15 µg/L action level. That figure comes from sampled homes; lead usually enters from a building's own pipes and fixtures, so only a test at your tap tells you what you drink.

What does the latest New York City water report show?

PurityMap's current record for New York City holds 37 findings: 7 detected within the reference and 30 not detected. Each finding links to its dated public record; a parameter that was never monitored is shown as pending, not as a pass.

Is New York City's water hard?

New York City's water is recorded as 1.9 gpg, soft. Hardness is an aesthetic and plumbing characteristic, not a health-based limit.

Follow this water

Follow New York City's water

One email when a new sampling round is published, a result moves above or below its reference, or the system's score changes.

Double opt-in: we email a confirmation link. Unsubscribe anytime. No spam.

Sources and dataAll 37 records and their sourcesEPA UCMR 5 · EPA SDWIS (Lead & Copper Rule) · Utility CCR
ContaminantResultBenchmarkSampledSource
Haloacetic acids (HAA5)47 ppb60 ppb federal MCL2025New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
Lead (90th percentile)10 µg/L15 µg/L federal action level2024–2024 monitoring periodLead & Copper Rule 90th-percentile: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)52 ppb80 ppb federal MCL2025New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
Fluoride0.7 mg/L4.0 mg/L2025New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
Copper0.194 mg/L1.3 mg/L (action level)2025New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
Nitrate0.14 mg/L10 mg/L2025New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
Water hardness1.9 gpgAesthetic, no federal health limit2025New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
30 other contaminants tested — none detected
ContaminantResultBenchmarkSampledSource
11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)< 5 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)< 5 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)< 5 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanone-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)< 2 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) (GenX chemicals)< 5 ng/L10 ng/L federal MCL (2024)2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Lithium< 9 µg/L10 µg/L EPA health reference level (screening, not a legal limit)Screening level, not a legal limit2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)< 5 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)< 6 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Nonafluoro-3,6-dioxaheptanoic acid (NFDHA)< 20 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoro (2-ethoxyethane) sulfonic acid (PFEESA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)< 4 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)< 3 ng/L2,000 ng/L EPA health advisory (screening, not a legal limit)Screening level, not a legal limit2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA)< 5 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)< 3 ng/L10 ng/L federal MCL (2024)2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA)< 3 ng/L400,000 ng/L Michigan EGLE state MCL (strictest US state)2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)< 4 ng/L10 ng/L federal MCL (2024)2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)< 4 ng/L4.0 ng/L federal MCL (2024)2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)< 4 ng/L4.0 ng/L federal MCL (2024)2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)< 4 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA)< 3 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA)< 8 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)< 7 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)
Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)< 2 ng/LNo federal or state limit; shown for transparency2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)

Lead (90th percentile)

Result
10 µg/L
Benchmark
15 µg/L federal action level
Sampled
2024–2024 monitoring period

Copper

Result
0.194 mg/L
Benchmark
1.3 mg/L (action level)
Sampled
2025

Water hardness

Result
1.9 gpg
Benchmark
Aesthetic, no federal health limit
Sampled
2025
30 other contaminants tested — none detected

11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)

Result
< 5 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)

Result
< 5 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)

Result
< 5 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanone-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)

Result
< 2 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) (GenX chemicals)

Result
< 5 ng/L
Benchmark
10 ng/L federal MCL (2024)
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Lithium

Result
< 9 µg/L
Benchmark
10 µg/L EPA health reference level (screening, not a legal limit)Screening level, not a legal limit
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)

Result
< 5 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)

Result
< 6 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Nonafluoro-3,6-dioxaheptanoic acid (NFDHA)

Result
< 20 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoro (2-ethoxyethane) sulfonic acid (PFEESA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)

Result
< 4 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
2,000 ng/L EPA health advisory (screening, not a legal limit)Screening level, not a legal limit
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA)

Result
< 5 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
10 ng/L federal MCL (2024)
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
400,000 ng/L Michigan EGLE state MCL (strictest US state)
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)

Result
< 4 ng/L
Benchmark
10 ng/L federal MCL (2024)
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)

Result
< 4 ng/L
Benchmark
4.0 ng/L federal MCL (2024)
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)

Result
< 4 ng/L
Benchmark
4.0 ng/L federal MCL (2024)
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)

Result
< 4 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA)

Result
< 3 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA)

Result
< 8 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)

Result
< 7 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)

Result
< 2 ng/L
Benchmark
No federal or state limit; shown for transparency
Sampled
2023-10-25 to 2025-01-02

Every value is the published result from the cited public record. A reporting limit is the lowest level the method could reliably quantify; a non-detect is not a guarantee of zero.

  • UCMR5 Analytical Results

    UCMR5 Analytical Results: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)

    US EPA

    Published
    2026-01-15
    Newest sample
    2025-01-02
    Findings here
    30
  • State SDWIS Compliance Record

    Lead & Copper Rule 90th-percentile: NEW YORK CITY SYSTEM (NY7003493)

    US EPA SDWIS

    Published
    2026-07-09
    Newest sample
    2024
    Findings here
    1
  • Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)

    New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection 2025 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)

    New York City Dept. of Environmental Protection

    Published
    2025-01-01
    Newest sample
    2025
    Findings here
    6

Methodology: how we analyze water. Prepared with AI assistance and reviewed by the PurityMap Editorial Team before publication.